BMB Reports  
Establishment and characterization of endometrial organoids from different placental types
Dong-Hyeok Kwon1,2,3,#, Byeonghwi Lim4,#, Sung-Yeon Lee1,#, Sung-Ho Won5 & Goo Jang1,2,3,*
1Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, 2BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, 3Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, 4Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, 5Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute of Health & Environment, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Correspondence to: *Tel: +82-2-880-1280; Fax: +82-2-880-8662; E-mail: snujang@snu.ac.kr
#These authors contributed equally to this work.
Received: September 10, 2024; Revised: October 29, 2024; Accepted: December 15, 2024; Published online: January 22, 2025.
© Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. All rights reserved.

cc This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Understanding molecular characteristics and metabolic processes of the mammalian endometrium is crucial for advancing biological research, particularly in veterinary obstetrics and pathology. This study established and analyzed organoids from endometrial epithelial stem cells of five mammals with different placental types: cows (cotyledonary), dogs and cats (zonary), pigs (diffuse), and rats (discoid). Organoids from these five species were maintained for over 13 passages, frozen, and thawed. Pathological analysis confirmed that they retained characteristics of their original tissues. Furthermore, integrative transcriptome analysis of organoids and tissues from the five species highlighted key pathways such as PI3K–Akt signaling and extracellular matrix–receptor interaction known to be crucial in cancer research. Although genes associated with vascular smooth muscle contraction were downregulated, these organoids exhibited significant activities of genes involved in hormone metabolism. In conclusion, our study achieved stable establishment of endometrial organoids from five mammals with different placental types, offering foundational data for organoid research. In the future, these organoids are suitable models for investigating uterine physiology and diseases and for developing potential therapies.
Keywords: Endometrium, Mammals, Organoids, Placenta, Transcriptome, Uterus


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Funding Information
  • BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University
      10.13039/501100024853
      NRF-2021R1A5A1033157, SNU#550-20240003
  • National Research Foundation of Korea
      10.13039/501100003725
      NRF-550-20240031

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