Tollip decreases expression of the autophagy marker LC3 and mitophagy marker BNIP3L. (A, B) HEK293 cells were transfected for 48 h with a plasmid encoding GFP-LC3 alone or together with Xpress-Tollip. Cells were then treated with 10 μM CCCP for 4 h. (C) Tollip+/+ and Tollip−/− MEFs were treated with vehicle or 10 μM CCCP for 4 h. (D) PINK1+/+ and PINK1−/− MEFs were transfected for 48 h with a plasmid encoding GFP-LC3 alone or in combination with Xpress-Tollip, and treated 10 μM CCCP for 4 h. (E) HEK293 cells were transfected for 48 h with a plasmid encoding Xpress-Tollip. All data in the graphs are presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (**P ≤ 0.01; A-E).
