Tollip alters the intracellular location of PINK1 to the cytosol. (A, B) HEK293 cells were transfected for 48 h with a plasmid encoding Xpress-Tollip (B) or/and Myc-PINK1 (A). The resulting cell lysates were separated into cytosolic and membrane organelle fractions. (C) HEK293 cells were mock-transfected or transfected for 48 h with Tollip-siRNA and treated with 10 μM MG132 for 4 h. Cell lysates were separated into cytosolic and the mitochondrial fractions. (D) Tollip+/+ and Tollip−/− MEFs were treated with 10 μM MG132 and separated into cytosolic and the mitochondrial fractions. All data in the graphs are presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (**P ≤ 0.01; B, C).
