High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression was modulated by 29-kDa FN-f. (A) Relative expression of HMGB1 in human normal and osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage. Relative expression of HMGB1 in normal and OA cartilage was measured using SYBR Green-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as the endogenous control. *P < 0.05 vs. normal cartilage. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of data from duplicate experiments using cartilage from different donors (normal cartilage, n = 9 and OA cartilage, n = 20). (B, C) mRNA and protein expression of HMGB1 altered by 29-kDa FN-f. Chondrocytes were stimulated with 29-kDa FN-f (300 nM) for 1, 3, 6, and 24 h. mRNA and protein levels of HMGB1 were measured using (B) qRT-PCR and (C) western blot analysis, respectively. *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.005 vs. untreated cells at each time point. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of data from duplicate data using chondrocytes from three different donors.
